Causes for Bunion Deformity

Causes:

There are two general causes for development of bunions,

1. Mechanical structure of the foot due to family inheritance

When the structure of your feet is abnormal or crooked by nature, there will be pain and difficulties during walking. Pain at the big toe joint is the preliminary cause for major toe problems. By the repeated transfer of body weight to the big toe during foot movements, few muscles become stronger than others. Thus, overpowering of muscles leads to the deformation (or) bending of toes. For the individuals with flat feet, excessive pronation occurs which in turn develops bunion. As bunions can be developed strongly by hereditary predisposition of foot, regular evaluation for deformity/discomfort is essential.

2. Bunions are often caused by improper footwear

Pointy-toed and high-heeled shoes with narrow toe boxes are the primary cause for bunions. During foot motion, overall force is applied at the front of the foot. This makes the toes to get squeezed and to fit within the small toe box. If the condition is same for a long time, toes can adapt to the shoe position leading to the development of bunions. Outward bend of big toe will be painful, obstructing the natural foot movements and this effect of bunion may cause various types of foot problems.

Bunions are common for women wearing dress shoes with narrow toes. Hence, tight fitting shoes with tapered (or) narrow toes are the causes for the development of bunions.

Other Causes:

1. Added pressure on joint during ballet dancing increases the chance for bunions
2. Anemic nerve conditions and previous injuries can affect the feet causing bunion
3. Muscular imbalance by Genetic diseases
4. Weak ligaments in the feet.
5. If there is difference in the length of legs, the longer leg slants to develop a bunion.